Music and Memory

Without a doubt, memory is crucial to the production and understanding of musical sound. At the small scale, much of musical discourse relies on being able to remember what was just heard so that we can compare and relate it to what we are now hearing. On the large scale, memories for musical materials can persist over a lifetime and—as research with Alzheimer’s patients has shown—may remain when other memories have vanished. Memory is equally a tool for composers and improvisers: consider the striking recollections of earlier songs in Schumann’s Dichterliebe and Frauenliebe und Leben, or Jim Hall’s references to “Can’t Help Lovin’ Dat Man” in his 1975 solo over “The Way You Look Tonight.” Memory is equally basic to evocations or enactments of nostalgia through sound, as in the Magic Numbers’s “Roy Orbison” (from the album Alias). Indeed, an argument can be made that musical practice writ large is how societies remember—that is music, especially as it is linked with embodied practice, is a technology for memory.

Readings include research on memory processes (such as Frederick Bartlett’s Remembering, David Rubin’s Memory in Oral Cultures, and Gabriel Radvansky and Jeffrey Zack’s Event Cognition), approaches from social anthropology (like Paul Connerton’s How Societies Remember), and readings from music scholars engaged with the topic of memory (for example, Charles Rosen’s observations about Dichterliebe in The Romantic Generation).